Geo-SAM image encoding, segmentation parts, and general processing procedure (slightly modified from Zhao et al., 2023).|@|~(^,^)~|@|The workflow using Geo-SAM and accuracy assessment.|@|~(^,^)~|@|The study area with geographic location on the base map of OSM.|@|~(^,^)~|@|Water bodies in the study area: (a) water bodies by Geo-SAM overlayed on open street map (OSM), (b) manually digitized water objects as ground truth, (c) water bodies extracted from OSM, and (d) water bodies in the NGII digital map.|@|~(^,^)~|@|Accuracy assessment: (a) ground truth subtracted by Geo-SAM results and (b) vice versa.|@|~(^,^)~|@|Accuracy assessment: (a) OSM water bodies residual subtracted by Geo-SAM results and (b) vice versa.|@|~(^,^)~|@|Accuracy assessment: (a) NGII residual subtracted by Geo-SAM results and (b) vice versa.|@|~(^,^)~|@|A portion of the study area that provides a detailed representation of the research findings: (a) part of the study area shown on the NAVER map, (b) water bodies segmented by Geo-SAM results, (c) ground truth, (d) water body features extracted from OSM, and (e) water body features in NGII digital map.

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